Learn

Why do psychedelic changes fade?

Many people come out of a psychedelic session with clarity and relief that feel like they will last forever. Then, over days or weeks, old patterns creep back. Here is why that happens, and what helps.

The afterglow is real, and often temporary

Research shows this pattern clearly. After a single ketamine infusion, about a third of people with treatment-resistant depression were still responding a week later [1]. In a large psilocybin trial, the benefit was clear at three weeks, while results for sustained response at twelve weeks were less clear [2]. The change is real. Keeping it takes more than the session alone.

A window of plasticity

Psychedelics appear to open a temporary window when the brain is especially able to change. In mice, psilocybin increased connections between neurons within a day, and the increase lasted at least a month [3]. Another study found that psychedelics reopened a period of heightened learning that lasted about 48 hours after ketamine and about two weeks after psilocybin [4].

Old patterns are well practiced

The habits of thinking and feeling that bring people to psychedelic care are often years in the making. They are practiced every day. A single session can loosen them, but without new practice to take their place, the brain tends to drift back toward what it knows best.

What helps change stick

Psio is built around exactly these four things: a short daily neurofeedback practice built from your own brain data, during the weeks that matter, with progress you and your care team can see.

Get started with Psio

Clinics and facilitators can apply for early access. Individuals can start care now.

Not sure yet? Take the 2-minute assessment →
Devin Effinger, PhD

Psio was founded by Devin Effinger, PhD, a neuroscientist with a PhD in Neuropharmacology from UNC Chapel Hill and postdoctoral research on psilocybin and LSD at CU Anschutz.

Sources

  1. [1] Zarate CA Jr, et al. A randomized trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant major depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006. Source
  2. [2] Goodwin GM, et al. Single-dose psilocybin for a treatment-resistant episode of major depression. New England Journal of Medicine, 2022. Source
  3. [3] Shao L-X, et al. Psilocybin induces rapid and persistent growth of dendritic spines in frontal cortex in vivo. Neuron, 2021 (summary from Yale University). Source
  4. [4] Nardou R, et al. Psychedelics reopen the social reward learning critical period. Nature, 2023 (summary from Johns Hopkins Medicine). Source

Keep reading